Amsterdam is one of the most straightforward cities in Europe for starting a business. The Dutch regulatory environment is transparent, English-language services are widely available, and the government actively supports foreign entrepreneurs. Whether you are launching a tech startup, a consulting firm, or a product business, this step-by-step guide covers everything you need to know to get incorporated and operational in Amsterdam.
Step 1: Choose Your Legal Structure
The most common legal structure for foreign entrepreneurs in the Netherlands is the BV (Besloten Vennootschap), equivalent to a private limited liability company. A BV offers limited liability for shareholders, a professional corporate identity, and flexibility in terms of equity structure. The minimum share capital requirement is EUR 0.01, making it accessible at any stage. Sole traders can register as a ZZP (Zelfstandige Zonder Personeel), which is simpler but offers no liability protection. Partnerships (VOF or CV) are another option for multi-founder businesses, though a BV is generally preferred for startups seeking investment.
Step 2: Reserve Your Company Name
Your company name must be unique and must not conflict with existing registered names in the Netherlands. You can search the KvK trade register online to check availability. The name must include your legal entity type (BV, VOF, etc.) in its official registration, though you can trade under a different commercial name if you register a trade name alongside your legal name at the KvK.
Step 3: Draft Articles of Association and Involve a Notary
To form a BV in the Netherlands, you must have a deed of incorporation drafted and executed by a Dutch civil law notary (notaris). This is a legal requirement, not optional. The deed sets out the company’s articles of association, share structure, and management rights. Many notaries offer standardized BV incorporation packages that can be completed within a few days once you provide the required identity documents. Online incorporation platforms such as Ligo and Legalloyd have emerged to streamline this process at lower cost for straightforward structures.
Step 4: Register with the KvK
After the notarial deed is executed, you register the company with the Dutch Chamber of Commerce (Kamer van Koophandel, KvK). Registration can be done online or in person at a KvK office. Upon registration, you receive your KvK number (an 8-digit identifier) and your RSIN (Legal Entities and Partnerships Information Number). Both are required for VAT registration, bank account opening, and government correspondence. The registration fee is minimal.
If you plan to use online formation tools, both LegalZoom and Northwest Registered Agent offer international business formation support and can assist with Dutch entity setup from abroad, especially if you are managing the process remotely before arriving in Amsterdam.
Step 5: Register for VAT and Other Taxes
After KvK registration, you register with the Dutch Tax and Customs Administration (Belastingdienst) for VAT (BTW) and corporate income tax. Registration is done online through the Belastingdienst portal. You will receive a BTW number (VAT number), which is required for invoicing business clients within the EU. If you expect annual turnover below EUR 20,000, you may qualify for the KOR small business scheme, which exempts you from charging and remitting VAT but also prevents you from deducting input VAT on purchases.
Step 6: Open a Business Bank Account
You cannot operate a Dutch BV properly without a business bank account. As described in our banking guide, options range from traditional banks (ING, ABN AMRO, Rabobank) to challengers like Bunq. For speed, start with Bunq or a similar digital bank while your traditional bank application processes. Your KvK number is required for all account opening applications.
Step 7: Comply with Immigration Requirements (If Applicable)
Non-EU citizens must obtain the appropriate visa or residence permit to work in the Netherlands. The Startup Visa program requires an endorsement from a recognized Dutch facilitator organization. The Highly Skilled Migrant program requires sponsorship from a recognized employer (your own BV can be the sponsor in some circumstances). American citizens have access to the Dutch-American Friendship Treaty (DAFT) visa, which offers a relatively accessible self-employment route. Begin immigration processing as early as possible as timelines can vary.
For more on the Amsterdam business environment, read our guide to business lawyers in Amsterdam and the full Amsterdam business hub.
For official business registration information, visit the Dutch Chamber of Commerce (KvK).
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